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Michael Traynor (Irish: ; 1917 – fl.1970) was a leading member of Sinn Féin in the 1950s and 1960s. Born in Belfast in an area with a mix of Protestants and Catholics, at an early age, Traynor saw the dead bodies of three Irish Republican Army (IRA) members, all shot in the head. He joined the IRA himself in the 1930s,〔Tim Pat Coogan, ''The IRA'', p.161〕 and served at least two spells in the Crumlin Road Prison, during which he undertook short hunger strikes.〔Tim Pat Coogan, ''The IRA'', pp.143-144〕 By 1938, when the S-Plan was carried out, he was member of its GHQ staff,〔Tim Pat Coogan, ''The IRA'', p.129〕 and for a time, he served as Adjutant-General.〔Brian McFeeny, ''Sinn Feín: a hundred turbulent years'', p.209〕 Initially known as a bomb maker, alongside Tony D'Arcy, Jack McNeela and Dom Adams, he led agitation for the IRA in the south to lead guerilla raids on the north. When Tomás Ó Dubhghaill suggested raiding the Magazine Store in Phoenix Park, Traynor was his strongest supporter.〔Tim Pat Coogan, ''The IRA'', p.135〕 This was successful, but soon after Traynor was arrested alongside other leading IRA figures while they were meeting at the Meath Hotel in Dublin.〔Tim Pat Coogan, ''The IRA'', p.140〕 Held at Mountjoy Prison and sentenced to three months, Traynor took part in a hunger strike alongside D'Arcy and McNeela. However, after both D'Arcy and McNeela died, it was decided to abandon the protest, Stephen Hayes declaring that they had achieved their aims, although this turned out to be a fiction.〔 In 1942, Traynor was again arrested and was interned in the Curragh; this time, he was kept inside until after the war.〔Tim Pat Coogan, ''The IRA'', p.174〕 In 1948, Traynor was a founder of the ''United Irishman'' newspaper, but he resigned the following year, in protest at what he believed was advocacy of force for its own sake.〔Tim Pat Coogan, ''The IRA'', p.260〕 In 1950, long-term Sinn Féin leader Margaret Buckley was replaced, and Traynor was elected as Vice President, alongside Tomás Ó Dubhghaill. In this role, Traynor argued that the IRA should not control Sinn Féin, which should be a democratic body. With Paddy McLogan and Frank McGlynn, he drew up a new constitution for the organisation, and new policies on key issues.〔Tim Pat Coogan, ''The IRA'', pp.258-259〕 In 1951, he gave the main oration at the party's commemoration of the Easter Rising.〔Robert William White, ''Ruairí Ó Brádaigh: The Life and Politics of an Irish Revolutionary'', p.40〕 He soon became General Secretary of Sinn Féin, serving alongside Maire Nic Gabhann,〔''Political Handbook of the World'' (1960), p.116〕 and he relocated to Dublin,〔 where he ran a shop. He stood for the party in South Antrim at the 1955 UK general election, working full-time on the party's election campaign,〔J. Bowyer Bell, ''The Secret Army: The IRA'', p.269〕 but won only 9.3% of the votes cast.〔''The Times House of Commons 1959'', p.217〕 Although initially critical of the Border Campaign of 1956, believing that the IRA was under-resourced, he accepted that it would happen.〔Tim Pat Coogan, ''The IRA'', p.300〕 In 1957, much of the IRA leadership was arrested, and Traynor was part of a new emergency committee with Eamon Mac Thomais and McLogan which took over.〔 However, later in the year, he was arrested while in the Republic of Ireland and again interned at the Curragh.〔''The Times House of Commons 1959'', p.217〕 He stood in South Antrim again at the 1959 UK general election, his vote falling to only 4.9%.〔 In 1962, Traynor was re-elected as Vice President of Sinn Féin, this time alongside Rory O'Driscoll,〔Roy Johnston, "(Century of Endeavour: The 60s Republican Movement (1): 1959-1966 )"〕 but he resigned from the party shortly afterwards, in objection to its support for an IRA motion stating that all its decisions must conform to those of the IRA.〔''Official Irish Republicanism, 1962 to 1972'', p.83〕 He played no further part in the movement,〔J. Bowyer Bell, ''The Secret Army: The IRA'', p.339〕 but was interviewed for Tim Pat Coogan's book ''The IRA'', published in 1970. ==References== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Michael Traynor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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